A Little History of Sintra

Sintra is more than just stunning palaces and lush landscapes—it’s a town layered with history, where every corner whispers stories of ancient civilizations, royal ambitions, and artistic dreams. This isn’t just a place you visit; it’s a destination you experience. Let’s dive into Sintra’s history and uncover how it became the enchanting gem we know today.

The Ancient Beginnings: Celts and Romans

Long before Sintra became a playground for kings and poets, it was home to the Celts, who believed the Serra de Sintra hills to be sacred. They named the region “Cynthia” after the moon goddess, inspired by the mystical aura of the misty forests and rugged peaks. Though few physical traces of the Celts remain, the spiritual energy they attributed to Sintra still seems to linger in the air.

Later, the Romans arrived and established a more permanent presence, recognizing the area’s strategic location and natural wealth. They built roads and villas and brought their culture to the hills. While much of the Roman influence has faded, you can still visit São Miguel de Odrinhas, an archaeological museum near Sintra, where Roman-era inscriptions and artifacts tell the story of their time here.

The Moorish Era: Castles and Conquests

In the 8th century, the Moors claimed Sintra, and their legacy still stands today. They fortified the area, building the iconic Moorish Castle (Castelo dos Mouros), perched high above the town. With its panoramic views, the castle served as a critical defensive stronghold and a symbol of their influence. Walking along its ancient walls, you can almost hear the echoes of soldiers guarding the land against invading forces.

The Moors also left their mark on Sintra’s culture, introducing advanced irrigation systems and architectural elements that still inspire awe. The castle is not just a monument—it’s a time capsule from an era when Sintra was a meeting point of cultures and ideas.

The Christian Reconquest and Royal Legacy

In the 12th century, Sintra fell into Christian hands during the Reconquista. King Afonso Henriques reclaimed the Moorish Castle and dedicated the land to the Virgin Mary. Over time, Sintra became a favorite retreat for Portuguese royalty, drawn to its cool climate and serene beauty.

The Palácio Nacional de Sintra, located in the heart of the town, is a testament to this royal connection. Originally built during the Moorish period, it was expanded and transformed by successive Portuguese monarchs. Its iconic twin chimneys and intricate tilework make it a must-visit for anyone interested in Sintra’s regal past. Each room tells a story, from the lavish Swan Room to the awe-inspiring Magpie Room.

The Romantic Period: A Cultural Renaissance

The 19th century brought a wave of Romanticism to Europe, and Sintra became its Portuguese epicenter. King Ferdinand II, often called the “Artist King,” was captivated by the area’s natural beauty. He transformed a medieval monastery into the vibrant Pena Palace, blending Gothic, Moorish, and Renaissance styles into a masterpiece of Romantic architecture.

The Romantic era also attracted poets, artists, and travelers from across Europe, including the English aristocracy, who contributed to Sintra’s allure. They described it as the perfect escape, a land where nature and imagination intertwined. Quintessential examples of this spirit can be found in the Quinta da Regaleira, an estate filled with symbolic gardens, hidden tunnels, and the famous Initiation Well—a spiral staircase descending into mystery.

Modern Sintra: Preserving the Magic

Today, Sintra continues to captivate visitors from around the globe. It’s a town that embraces its past while offering new experiences for the curious traveler. Each cobblestone street, hidden trail, and historic site holds a piece of the puzzle that is Sintra.

When visiting, take time to connect the dots between its historical layers. Walk the ancient paths of the Moorish Castle, marvel at the artistry of Pena Palace, and imagine the royal processions at the Sintra National Palace. For those with a taste for mystery, the enigmatic Quinta da Regaleira beckons with its secrets.

On the next page, discover our handpicked selection of top attractions in Sintra—must-see spots that showcase the magic, history, and beauty of this enchanting destination!